Regulação emocional e eficiência de uma tarefa militar sob diferentes níveis de dificuldade e estímulos emocionais imagéticos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36414/rbmc.v12i26.228Keywords:
Regulação Emocional, Emoções, Militares, Tiro, Desempenho psicomotor, 'Abstract
O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi identificar a variação das reações emocionais frente a estímulos imagéticos positivos, negativos e neutros e analisar a influência das dificuldades de regulação emocional sobre o desempenho em uma tarefa tipicamente militar de tiro de pistola, executado em diferentes distancias. Trata-se de um estudo quase experimental realizado com 84 militares do Exército Brasileiro distribuídos em três grupos de exposição a estímulos positivos, negativos ou neutros. As imagens foram selecionadas do International Affective Picture System (IAPS). A reação emocional foi avaliada por meio do Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM), contemplando as dimensões de valência, ativação e dominância, e as dificuldades de regulação emocional foram mensuradas pela Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). Os participantes executaram sequências de tiros com pistola a laser antes e após a exposição aos estímulos imagéticos. Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA de medidas repetidas e regressão linear múltipla. Os resultados indicaram interação significativa entre momento e estímulo apenas para a dimensão valência da reação emocional, com redução significativa da valência após a exposição a imagens negativas. Não foram observadas alterações significativas nos componentes ativação e dominância. Antes da exposição aos estímulos, a maior distância do alvo (10 m) e dificuldades relacionadas ao fator estratégia da DERS predisseram menor desempenho no tiro, explicando 25% da variância dos acertos. Após a exposição imagética, apenas a distância manteve-se como preditor significativo, explicando redução no número de acertos. Conclui-se que estímulos imagéticos negativos alteram a valência emocional percebida, mas não afetam os demais componentes da reação emocional nem o desempenho de tiro. A dificuldade da tarefa, mas não a de regulação emocional prediz o desempenho após exposição aos estímulos.
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